波特萊爾論尤金．德拉克洛瓦--印象主義藝術批評論的美學基礎
姓名：林國源
系所/單位：戲劇學系暨劇場藝術創作研究所
波特萊爾論尤金．德拉克洛瓦是他藝術批評的主要成果，對德拉克洛瓦之繪畫作品發而為詩，成就了詩作之為主觀批評、印象批評的極致，如＜燈塔＞（1844）及＜獄中的塔索＞（1844）；＜1845年的沙龍＞評述德拉克洛瓦的四幅歷史畫，＜巴札爾“好－新”，古典博物館＞評他的三小畫；＜1846年的沙龍＞從浪漫主義與色彩的論說接引德拉克洛瓦的畫作析論，除了提出先天性、普遍性等哲學思辨概念之外，更直指德拉克洛瓦的獨創性及其最終、最引人注目的特質，並判斷這一“悲壯性”表現的特質成就了他的崇高；＜論1855年世界博覽會美術部分＞第三節評述德拉克洛瓦筆下女體的造形表現，色彩論直引＜燈塔＞詩四行並直提“韋伯浪漫派的音樂觀”，＜1859年沙龍＞中的想像論與提出德拉克洛瓦的“特殊性”論見，最後的專文＜尤金．德拉克洛瓦的作品和生平＞為再一次、最後一次向德拉克洛瓦的天才致敬之作，讀來又頗有“法國有勒布倫、大衛、德拉克洛瓦”為之“蓋棺論定”的氣慨。本篇論文之作為筆者＜＜波特萊爾藝術批評的形而上學基＞＞研究計劃中論述波特萊爾的系列論題之一，這一論題當然也會觸及“波特萊爾之現代性”這一關鍵詞彙，唯回歸波特萊爾藝術批評論的議題本體，波特萊爾論德拉克洛瓦所持的色彩與聲音的感應（冥合）論、獨創性天才論、對感情的普遍性與學問的普遍性二方面週全的論述並判斷德拉克洛瓦，波特萊爾直揭“巨大的激情，再加上非凡的毅力，這就是德拉克洛瓦”，於德氏的想像力與獨創性，於他的畫作悲壯性的特質的把握與論述，等等，皆是本文所預期加以引論的。
Charles Baudelaire on Eugene Delacroix is the main acchivement of his art criticism. He composed poems to comment Eugene Delacroix's paintings, thus acchieved Zenith task in taking poetry as subjective and impressionistic criticism shch as Les Phares and Le Tasse en prison. In Salon de 1846, he comments Eugene Delacroix's paintings along with his points on Romanticism and Colourism. By that time he proposed philosophical concepts of 'A Priority I and Universality and suggested Eugene Delacroix's originality, his final and most attractive quality-tragic trait (cette mélancolie sinqulière et opiniâtre) and judged this trait acchive his grand. In section three of Exposition universelle 1855, Beaux-arts, he enphasized Eugene Delacroix's expression of female beauty, on colourism he cited directly his own lines in Les Phares and mentioned Weber's romantic music that initiate the harmony of his colours. In Salon de 18S9, he proposed theory of Imagination and the speciality of Eugene Delacroix. And in L'oeuvre et 10vie d' Eugene Delacroix he paied his omage to Eugene Delacroix's genius and thus destinated his position in tradition of the arts.This paper is to treate one of the sublets of my projets ”On Charles Baudelaire and Modern Theatre Aesthetics”, the key points here are on the metaphysical foundation of Charles Baudelaire's Arts Criticism. On this subjects, one can not escape to touch the key points of Charles Baudelaire's modernity that let us discuss later. Here we would like to concentrate on ontological subjects of his theory of criticism such as his theory of correspondances between perceptions and the originality of genius, and the university of passions and that of knowledge. He concluded that ”great passions and plus unusual will power, that is Delacroix.” in L'oeuvre et la vie d' Eugene Delacroix and thus expressed his respect to Eugene Delacroix's genius and destinated his position in tradition of the arts.